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Today October 1st 2009 this day in history Read more below to view events, deaths, births, Holidays observances and video clips. Last database updated: Jan 17th, 2009
Events
996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).
1179 – Phillip II is crowned King of France.
1348 – The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks the Jews of Murviedro on the pretext that they are serfs of the King of Valencia and thus royalists.
1512 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.
1520 – The Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America, connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, is first navigated by Ferdinand Magellan during his global circumnavigation voyage.
1604 – William Shakespeare s tragedy Othello is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
1611 – William Shakespeare s romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
1612 – (22 October O.S.) Time of Troubles in Russia: Moscow, Kitai-gorod, is captured by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
1683 – The British crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.
1755 – Lisbon earthquake: In Portugal, Lisbon is destroyed by a massive earthquake and tsunami, killing between sixty thousand and ninety thousand people.
1765 – The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the 13 colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America.
1790 – Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution in France, in which he predicts that the French Revolution will end in a disaster.
1800 – US President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
1802 – Delegates meet at Chillicothe, Ohio to form a state constitutional convention.
1805 – Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during the War of the Third Coalition.
1814 – Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France, in the Napoleonic Wars.
1848 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opens.
1859 – The current Cape Lookout, North Carolina, lighthouse was lit for the first time. Its first-order Fresnel lens can be seen for about 19 miles (30 kilometers), in good conditions.
1861 – American Civil War: US President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing the aged General Winfield Scott.
1870 – In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.
1876 – New Zealand s provincial government system is dissolved.
1884 – The Gaelic Athletic Association is set up in Hayes s Hotel in Thurles, County Tipperary.
1886 – Ananda College, a leading Buddhist school in Sri Lanka was established with 37 students.
1894 – Nicholas II becomes the new Tsar of Russia after his father, Alexander III, dies.
1896 – A picture showing the unclad (bare) breasts of a woman appears in National Geographic magazine for the first time.
1901 – Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national male collegiate fraternity is established at Richmond College, in Richmond, VA.
1911 – The first dropping of a bomb from an airplane in combat, during the Italo-Turkish War.
1914 – World War I: the first British Royal Navy defeat of the war with Germany, the Battle of Coronel, is fought off of the western coast of Chile, in the Pacific.
1915 – Parris Island is officially designated a Marine Corps Recruit Depot.
1916 – Paul Miliukov delivers in the State Duma the famous stupidity or treason speech, precipitating the downfall of the Boris Stürmer government.
1918 – Malbone Street Wreck: the worst rapid transit accident in US history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least 93 deaths.
1918 – Western Ukraine gains its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
1920 – American Fishing Schooner Esperanto defeats the Canadian Fishing Schooner Delawana in the First International Fishing Schooner Championship Races in Halifax.
1922 – The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, abdicates.
1928 – The Law on the Adoption and Implementation of the Turkish Alphabet, replacing the version of the Arabic alphabet previously used, comes into force in Turkey.
1937 – Stalinists executed by shooting Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members of Azerbaijan s Lutheran community (including three women).
1938 – Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during a match race deemed the match of the century in horse racing.
1939 – The first rabbit born after artificial insemination is exhibited to the world.
1941 – American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.
1942 – Matanikau Offensive begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 4.
1943 – World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, United States Marines, the 3rd Marine Division, land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
1943 – World War II: In support of the landings on Bougainville, U.S. aircraft carrier forces attack the huge Japanese base at Rabaul.
1944 – World War II: Units of the British Army land at Walcheren in the Netherlands.
1945 – The official North Korean newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, is first published under the name Chongro. Australia joins the United Nations.
1946 – The New York Knicks played against the Toronto Huskies at the Maple Leaf Gardens, in the first Basketball Association of America game. The Knicks would win 68-66.
1948 – Off southern Manchuria, 6,000 people are killed as a Chinese merchant ship explodes and sinks.
1950 – Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman at Blair House.
1950 – Pope Pius XII witnesses The Miracle of the Sun while at the Vatican.
1950 – Pope Pius XII claims Papal Infallibility when he formally defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.
1951 – Operation Buster-Jangle: 6,500 American soldiers are exposed to Desert Rock atomic explosions for training purposes in Nevada. Participation was not voluntary.
1952 – Operation Ivy – The United States successfully detonates the first large hydrogen bomb, codenamed Mike [M for megaton], in the Eniwetok atoll, located in the Marshall Islands in the central Pacific Ocean. The explosion had a yield of 10 megatons.
1954 – The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.
1955 – The bombing of United Airlines Flight 629 occurs near Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and five crew members aboard the Douglas DC-6B airliner.
1956 – Formation of Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with its capital as Hyderabad, formerly known as Nizam state.
1956 – Formation of Kerala state in India.
1957 – The Mackinac Bridge, the world s longest suspension bridge between anchorages at the time, opens to traffic connecting Michigan s upper and lower peninsulas.
1960 – While campaigning for President of the United States, John F. Kennedy announces his idea of the Peace Corps.
1961 – 50,000 women in 60 cities participate in the inaugural Women Strike for Peace (WSP) against nuclear proliferation.
1963 – The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, with the largest radio telescope ever constructed, officially opens.
1968 – The Motion Picture Association of America s film rating system is officially introduced, originating with the ratings G, M, R, and X.
1970 – A fire at a dance hall in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France kills 144 young people.
1973 – Watergate Scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
1973 – The Indian state of Mysore was renamed as Karnataka to represent all the regions within Karunadu .
1981 – Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom.
1982 – Honda becomes the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the United States with the opening of their factory in Marysville, Ohio. The Honda Accord is the first car produced there.
1991 – Three faculty, and one staff member of the department of physics and astronomy, were killed, along with one administrator, when physics graduate student Gang Lu went on a shooting rampage at the University of Iowa.
1993 – The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.
2005 – First part of the Gomery Report, which discusses allegations of political money manipulation, is released in Canada.
Births
846 – Louis the Stammerer, King of West Francia (d. 879)
1339 – Duke Rudolf IV of Austria (d. 1365)
1351 – Duke Leopold III of Austria (d. 1386)
1526 – Catherine Jagellonica of Poland, queen of Sweden and duchess of Finland (d. 1583)
1530 – Étienne de La Boétie, French judge and writer (d. 1563)
1539 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (d. 1596)
1549 – Anna of Austria, fourth wife of Philip II of Spain (d. 1580)
1567 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de Gondomar, Spanish diplomat (d. 1626)
1578 – Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (d. 1642)
1585 – Jan Brozek, Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer (d. 1652)
1607 – Georg Philipp Harsdorffer, German poet (d. 1658)
1611 – François-Marie, comte de Broglie, Italian-born French commander (d. 1656)
1629 – St. Oliver Plunkett, last Catholic martyr to die in England. (d. 1681)
1636 – Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, French poet and critic (d. 1711)
1643 – John Strype, English historian and biographer (d. 1737)
1661 – Florent Carton Dancourt, French dramatist and actor (d. 1725)
1704 – Paul Daniel Longolius, German encylopedist (d. 1779)
1720 – Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, French admiral (d. 1791)
1727 – Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov, founder of the Moscow University (d. 1797)
1762 – Spencer Perceval, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1812)
1778 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (d. 1837)
1782 – Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1859)
1808 – John Taylor, American religious leader (d. 1887)
1847 – Emma Albani, Canadian soprano (d. 1930)
1860 – Boies Penrose, United States Senator from Pennsylvania (d. 1921)
1862 – Johan Wagenaar, Dutch composer and organist (d. 1941)
1871 – Stephen Crane, American writer (d. 1900)
1872 – Louis Dewis, Belgian Post-Impressionist painter (d. 1946)
1877 – Roger Quilter, British composer (d. 1953)
1878 – Konrad Mägi, Estonian painter (d. 1925)
1878 – Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentine politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1959)
1880 – Sholom Asch, Polish-born American writer (d. 1957)
1880 – Grantland Rice, American sports writer (d. 1954)
1880 – Alfred Wegener, German meteorologist and geophysicist (d. 1930)
1881 – Edward Van Sloan, American actor (d. 1964)
1886 – Hermann Broch, Austrian author (d. 1951)
1887 – L. S. Lowry, British painter of industrial scenes (d. 1976)
1889 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1982)
1892 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian-born chess player (d. 1946)
1898 – Arthur Legat, Belgian racing driver (d. 1960)
1902 – Eugen Jochum, German conductor (d. 1987)
1903 – Max Adrian, Irish actor (d. 1973)
1903 – Edward Carji Greeves, Australian rules footballer (d. 1963)
1905 – Paul-Émile Borduas, Quebec painter (d. 1960)
1906 – Johnny Indrisano, American boxer and actor (d. 1968)
1911 – Henri Troyat, French author and historian (d. 2007)
1914 – Moshe Teitelbaum, Hassidic rabbi (d. 2006)
1920 – James Kilpatrick, American journalist
1920 – Ted Lowe, English former snooker commentator
1921 – John W. Peterson, American songwriter (d. 2006)
1923 – Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001)
1923 – Victoria de los Angeles, Spanish soprano (d. 2005)
1924 – Jean-Luc Pépin, French Canadian politician (d. 1995)
1924 – Süleyman Demirel, 9th President of Turkey
1926 – Lou Donaldson, American jazz alto saxophonist
1928 – Emmaline Henry, American actress (d. 1979)
1929 – Betsy Palmer, American actress
1929 – Nicholas Mavroules, U.S. Congressman from Massachusetts (d. 2003)
1930 – A. R. Gurney, American playwright
1932 – John Clark, English-born actor/director
1932 – Al Arbour, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1934 – Umberto Agnelli, Swiss-born automobile executive (d. 2004)
1934 – Gillian Knight, English mezzo-soprano
1934 – William Mathias, British composer (d. 1992)
1935 – Gary Player, South African golfer
1935 – Edward Said, Palestinian-born literary critic (d. 2003)
1936 – Eddie Colman, English footballer (d. 1958)
1937 – Bill Anderson, American country music singer and songwriter
1939 – Barbara Bosson, American actress
1940 – Ramesh Chandra Lahoti, Chief Justice of India
1940 – Barry Sadler, American singer (d. 1989)
1941 – Alfio Basile, Argentine football coach
1942 – Larry Flynt, American magazine publisher
1942 – Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta
1942 – Marcia Wallace, American actress
1943 – Salvatore Adamo, popular singer
1943 – John McEnery, English actor
1943 – Jacques Attali, French economist
1944 – Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia
1944 – Bobby Heenan, American professional wrestling manager and commentator
1946 – Ric Grech, English rock bassist (Family, Ginger Baker s Air Force, Traffic) (d. 1990)
1946 – Dennis Muren, American special effects artist
1946 – Lynne Russell, ex-CNN news anchor
1947 – Jim Steinman, American songwriter
1948 – Phil Myre, Canadian ice hockey player
1949 – Michael D. Griffin, NASA chief administrator
1950 – Robert B. Laughlin, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1950 – Dan Peek, American guitarist (America)
1951 – Ronald Bell, American singer and saxophonist (Kool & the Gang)
1951 – Fabrice Luchini, French actor
1953 – Jan Davis, American astronaut
1955 – Beth Leavel, American musical theatre actress
1955 – Mike Mendoza, British radio personality
1957 – Lyle Lovett, American singer
1957 – Peter Ostrum, American actor
1957 – Carlos Paião, Portuguese singer (d. 1988)
1958 – Charlie Kaufman, American screenwriter
1958 – Jim Steinmeyer, Illusion creator
1958 – Rachel Ticotin, American actress
1960 – Fernando Valenzuela, Mexican baseball player
1961 – Louise Boije af Gennäs, Swedish writer and novelist
1961 – Calvin Johnson, American musician (Beat Happening, The Halo Benders, Dub Narcotic Sound System)
1961 – Kim Krizan, American screenwriter
1961 – Nicky Grist, WRC Co-Driver
1962 – Anthony Kiedis, American singer (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
1962 – Magne Furuholmen, Norwegian guitarist and keyboardist (a-ha)
1963 – Rick Allen, British drummer (Def Leppard)
1963 – Kenny Alphin, American guitarist (Big & Rich)
1963 – Monty Sopp, American professional wrestler
1963 – Mark Hughes, Welsh footballer
1964 – Daran Norris, American actor
1964 – Dana Plato, Americian actress (d. 1999)
1966 – Barbara Becker, German actress; ex-wife of Boris Becker
1966 – Willie D, American hip hop artist, famous for being a member of The Geto Boys
1966 – Mary Hansen, Australian guitarist and singer (Stereolab) (d. 2002)
1967 – Sophie B. Hawkins, American musician
1967 – Tina Arena, Australian singer
1967 – Carla van de Puttelaar, Dutch photographer
1968 – Park Shin-yang, South Korean actor
1969 – Tie Domi, Canadian ice hockey player
1971 – Vikram Chatwal, Indian hotelier
1972 – Jenny McCarthy, American Playmate of the Year and TV actress
1972 – Toni Collette, Australian actress
1972 – Paul Dickov, Scottish footballer
1973 – Aishwarya Rai, Indian actress and Miss World, 1994.
1973 – Assia, Algerian singer
1973 – Geoff Horsfield, English footballer
1974 – V. V. S. Laxman, Indian cricketer
1975 – Bo Bice, American singer
1975 – Scott Skippy Chapman, American musician
1976 – Matt Chapman, American cartoonist and voice actor
1976 – Logan Marshall-Green, American actor
1978 – Manju Warrier, Indian actress
1978 – Mary Kate Schellhardt, American actress
1978 – Jessica Valenti, American feminist writer and blogger
1979 – Coco Crisp, American baseball player
1979 – Delgado, Angolan footballer
1979 – Milan Dudic, Serbian footballer
1979 – Henry Shefflin, Irish hurler
1979 – Dave Hampton, Tahoe Outdoorsman
1982 – Michael Copon, American actor
1983 – Yuko Ogura, Japanese model
1983 – Josh Wicks, American soccer player
1983 – Jon Wilkin, English rugby league footballer
1984 – Natalia Tena, English actress
1985 – Dizzee Rascal, English rapper
1986 – Penn Badgley, American actor
1988 – Ross Montague, English football Player
1997 – Alex Wolff, American musician and actor
Deaths
921 – Richard, Duke of Burgundy
955 – Henry I, Duke of Bavaria
1296 – Guillaume Durand, French writer (b. 1230)
1391 – Amadeus VII of Savoy (b. 1360)
1399 – John V, Duke of Brittany (b. 1339)
1546 – Giulio Romano, Italian painter
1588 – Jean Daurat, French poet (b. 1508)
1596 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (b. 1539)
1642 – Jean Nicolet, French explorer (b. 1598)
1676 – Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch theologian (b. 1589)
1678 – William Coddington, first Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1601)
1700 – Charles II of Spain (b. 1661)
1814 – Alexander Samoylov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744)
1888 – Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer (b. 1838)
1894 – Tsar Alexander III of Russia (b. 1845)
1903 – Theodor Mommsen, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1817)
1907 – Alfred Jarry, French writer (b. 1873)
1942 – Hugo Distler, German composer (b. 1908)
1947 – Man o War, American thoroughbred racehorse (b. 1917)
1955 – Dale Carnegie, American writer (b. 1888)
1962 – Ricardo Rodríguez, Mexican racing driver (b. 1942)
1968 – George Papandreou, Greek politician (b. 1888)
1972 – Ezra Pound, American poet (b. 1885)
1979 – Mamie Eisenhower, First Lady of the United States (b. 1896)
1982 – King Vidor, American film director (b. 1894)
1982 – James Broderick, American actor (b. 1927)
1983 – Anthony van Hoboken, Dutch musicologist (b. 1887)
1985 – Phil Silvers, American actor and comedian (b. 1911)
1986 – Serge Garant, French-Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1929)
1987 – René Lévesque, Premier of Quebec (b. 1922)
1993 – Severo Ochoa, Spanish biochemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1905)
1993 – A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (b. 1911)
1994 – Noah Beery, Jr., American actor (b. 1913)
1999 – Theodore Alvin Hall, American atomic spy (b. 1925)
1999 – Jean Coutu, Canadian actor (b. 1925)
1999 – Walter Payton, American football player (b. 1954)
2000 – Bernard Erhard, American voice actor (b. 1934)
2004 – Mac Dre, American rapper (b. 1970)
2004 – Terry Knight, American music promoter (b. 1943)
2005 – Skitch Henderson, English bandleader (b. 1918)
2005 – Michael Piller, American screenwriter (b. 1948)
2006 – William Styron, American author (b. 1925)
2006 – Adrienne Shelly, American actress (b. 1966)
2007 – Paul Tibbets, US Air Force retired Brigadier General (b. 1915)
2007 – S. Ali Raza, Bollywood Screenwriter (b. 1922)
2008 – Nathaniel Mayer, American soul musician (b. 1944)
2008 – Jacques Piccard, Swiss ocean explorer (b. 1922)
2008 – Yma Sumac, Peruvian singer (b. 1922)
Holidays and observances
Mexico- Day of the Dead celebrations begin.
Roman festivals – last day of the Ludi Victoriae Sullanae.
Catholicism – Holy Day of Obligation, All Saints Day. Holiday in Austria, Belgium, Chile, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta (for schools only), Mauritius, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
Algeria – National day
Antigua and Barbuda – Independence Day (from Britain, 1981)
Ireland – Samhain the traditional first day of Winter
World Vegan Day
November 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
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