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Today April 22nd 2009 this day in history Read more below to view events, deaths, births, Holidays observances and video clips. Last database updated: Jan 17th, 2009
Events
1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.
1509 – Henry VIII accedes to the throne of England after the death of his father.
1529 – Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
1836 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1863 – American Civil War: Grierson s Raid begins – troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
1864 – The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act which mandates that the inscription In God We Trust be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
1889 – At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Run of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
1898 – Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
1912 – Pravda, the voice of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publication in Saint Petersburg.
1915 – The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
1944 – World War II: Operation Persecution initiated – Allied forces land in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea.
1945 – World War II: Prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp revolt. 520 are killed and 80 escape.
1945 – World War II: Fuehrerbunker: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
1954 – Red Scare: Army-McCarthy Hearings begin.
1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World s Fair opens for its first season.
1970 – First Earth Day celebrated.
1972 – Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.
1983 – The German magazine, Der Stern claims that Adolf Hitler s diaries were found in wreckage in East Germany.
1991 – The Social Democratic Party of Albania is founded.
1992 – In an explosion in Guadalajara, Mexico, 206 people are killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 left homeless.
1993 – The Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC is dedicated.
1993 – The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
1994 – Kansas reinstates the death penalty
1997 – Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria – 93 villagers killed.
1997 – The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ends in Lima, Peru.
1998 – Disney s Animal Kingdom opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
2000 – In a pre-dawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives home in Miami, Florida.
2000 – The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
2000 – Second Battle of Elephant Pass, Tamil Tigers launched this attack to capture this strategic Sri Lankan Army base, captured it and held it for 8 years, biggest military debacle in the history of the Sri Lankan military.
2004 – Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
2006 – 243 people are injured in pro-democracy protest in Nepal after Nepali security forces open fire on protesters against King Gyanendra.
2006 – Four Canadian soldiers are killed 75 kilometers north of Kandahar, Afghanistan by a roadside bomb planted by Taliban militants, the worst single day combat loss for the Canadian army since the Korean War.
Births
1451 – Queen Isabella of Castile and Leon (d. 1504)
1610 – Pope Alexander VIII (d. 1691)
1658 – Giuseppe Torelli, Italian composer (d. 1709)
1690 – John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (d. 1763)
1692 – James Stirling, Scottish mathematician (d. 1770)
1707 – Henry Fielding, English author (d. 1754)
1711 – Eleazar Wheelock, American founder of Dartmouth College (d. 1779)
1724 – Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (d. 1804)
1744 – James Sullivan, 7th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1808)
1766 – Madame de Staël, French author (d. 1817)
1812 – Solomon Caesar Malan, British orientalist (d. 1894)
1816 – Charles Denis Bourbaki, French general
1832 – Julius Sterling Morton, Arbor Day founder (d. 1902)
1840 – Odilon Redon, French painter (d. 1916)
1844 – Lewis Thornton Powell, would-be assassin of Secretary of State William H. Seward (d. 1865)
1852 – Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1912)
1854 – Henri La Fontaine, Belgian lawyer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1943)
1860 – Ada Rehan, American stage actress (d. 1916)
1868 – Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria (d. 1924)
1870 – Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary (d. 1924)
1872 – Princess Margaret of Prussia, queen of Finland (d. 1954)
1873 – Ellen Glasgow, American author (d. 1945)
1876 – Robert Bárány, American physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)
1876 – Georg Lurich, Estonian wrestler (d. 1920)
1881 – Alexander Kerensky, Russian politician (d. 1970)
1884 – Otto Rank, Austrian psychologist (d. 1939)
1889 – Richard Glücks, German SS officer and concentration camp administrator (d. 1945)
1891 – Harold Jeffreys, English astronomer (d. 1989)
1891 – Nicola Sacco, American anarchist (d. 1927)
1891 – Vittorio Jano, Italian engineer (d. 1965)
1892 – Vernon Johns, American civil rights activist (d. 1965)
1899 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (d. 1977)
1904 – Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (d. 1967)
1905 – Robert Choquette, French Canadian novelist, poet and diplomat (d. 1991)
1906 – Eddie Albert, American actor (d. 2005)
1906 – Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten, second in line to the Swedish throne (d. 1946)
1907 – Ivan Efremov, Russian paleontologist and author (d. 1972)
1909 – Rita Levi-Montalcini, Italian neurologist, Nobel laureate
1909 – Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist and historian (d. 2001)
1910 – Norman Steenrod, American mathematician (d. 1971)
1912 – Kathleen Ferrier, British singer (d. 1953)
1914 – Jan de Hartog, Dutch writer (d. 2002)
1914 – Michael Wittman, German soldier and tank ace (d. 1944)
1916 – Yehudi Menuhin, American-born violinist (d. 1999)
1918 – Mickey Vernon, American baseball player (d. 2008)
1919 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2001)
1922 – Charles Mingus, American musician (d. 1979)
1922 – Wolf V. Vishniac, American microbiologist (d. 1973)
1923 – Avis Bunnage, English actress (d. 1990)
1923 – Bettie Page, American model (d. 2008)
1923 – Aaron Spelling, American television producer (d. 2006)
1925 – George Cole, English actor
1926 – Charlotte Rae, American actress
1926 – James Stirling, British architect (d. 1992)
1927 – Laurel Aitken, Jamaican singer (d. 2005)
1935 – Paul Chambers, American jazz bassist (d. 1969)
1936 – Glen Campbell, American musician
1936 – Pierre Hétu, French Canadian conductor and pianist (d. 1998)
1937 – Jack Nicholson, American actor
1937 – Jack Nitzsche, American composer (d. 2000)
1938 – Adam Raphael, English journalist and author
1939 – Mel Carter, American singer
1939 – Jason Miller, American playwright (d. 2001)
1939 – Theodor Waigel, German politician and finance minister
1943 – Louise Glück, American poet and 12th US Poet Laureate
1944 – Steve Fossett, American adventurer (d. 2007)
1946 – John Waters, American film writer
1946 – Louise Harel, Quebec politician
1946 – Nicole Garcia, French actress and director
1946 – Steven L. Bennett, USAF Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient (d. 1972)
1950 – Peter Frampton, English musician
1950 – Zygi Wilf, owner of the Minnesota Vikings
1951 – Paul Carrack, English musician
1951 – Ana María Shua, Argentine poet
1952 – Marilyn Chambers, American pornographic actress
1952 – François Berléand, French actor
1953 – Juhani Komulainen, Finnish composer
1955 – Johnnie To, Hong Kong film director and producer
1957 – Donald Tusk, Polish Prime Minister
1958 – Ken Olandt, American actor
1959 – Catherine Mary Stewart, Canadian actress
1959 – Ryan Stiles, Canadian-born actor
1960 – Mart Laar, Estonian statesman
1960 – Gary Rhodes, English chef
1960 – Randall L. Stephenson, American business executive
1961 – Dewey Nicks, American photographer and film director
1962 – Jeff Minter, English video game programmer
1965 – Lauri Hendler, actress
1965 – Peter Zezel, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 – Mariana Levy, Mexican actress (d. 2005)
1966 – Jeffrey Dean Morgan, American actor
1967 – Sheryl Lee, American actress
1967 – Sherri Shepherd, American comedian and actress
1967 – Harvey Williams, American football player
1968 – Zarley Zalapski, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 – Dion Dublin, English footballer
1970 – Andrea Giani, Italian volleyball player
1970 – Regine Velasquez, Filipino singer and actress
1971 – Daisuke Enomoto, Japanese people space tourist
1971 – Eric Mabius, American actor
1972 – Sabine Appelmans, Belgian tennis player
1972 – Owen Finegan, Australian rugby union footballer
1973 – Adem Poric, Australian former footballer
1973 – Ofer Talker, Israeli footballer
1974 – Diego Costa, Brazilian singer-songwriter
1974 – Shavo Odadjian, Armenian-born bassist (System of a Down)
1975 – Greg Moore, Canadian race car driver (d. 1999)
1975 – Carlos Sastre, Spanish cyclist
1976 – Michal Zewlakow, Polish footballer
1976 – Paul Henderson, Australian soccer player
1976 – Dan Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Mark van Bommel, Dutch footballer
1977 – Aaron Fink, American guitarist (Breaking Benjamin)
1978 – Jason Stollsteimer, American singer (The Von Bondies)
1978 – Esteban Tuero, Argentinian race car driver
1979 – Daniel Johns, Australian musician (Silverchair)
1979 – Zoltan Gera, Hungarian footballer
1980 – Nicolas Douchez, French footballer
1980 – Courtney Friel, presenter of World Poker Tour
1980 – Carlos Hernández, Venezuelan baseball player
1980 – Aaron Michael Metchik, American actor
1980 – Tony Romo, American football player
1981 – Ken Dorsey, American football player
1982 – Kaká, Brazilian footballer
1982 – Tim Hamilton, Slovak adult movie actor
1983 – Matt Jones, American football player
1983 – Jos Hooiveld, Dutch football player
1984 – Michelle Ryan, English actress
1984 – Amelle Berrabah, British singer (Sugababes)
1985 – Matt Ballinger, American singer (Dream Street)
1986 – Dusan Sakota, Serbian-Greek basketball player
1986 – Amber Heard, American actress
1986 – Marshawn Lynch, American Football player
Deaths
296 – Pope Caius
455 – Petronius Maximus, Roman Emperor
536 – Pope Agapetus I
1592 – Bartolomeo Ammanati, Italian architect (b. 1511)
1616 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish writer (b. 1547)
1672 – Georg Stiernhielm, Swedish poet (b. 1598)
1699 – Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman (b. 1646)
1758 – Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (b. 1686)
1778 – James Hargreaves, English inventor (b. 1720)
1806 – Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (stabbed) (b. 1763)
1833 – Richard Trevithick, English inventor (b. 1771)
1839 – Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (b. 1784)
1854 – Nicolás Bravo, Mexican politician and soldier (b. 1786)
1877 – James P. Kirkwood, American civil engineer (b. 1807)
1892 – Edouard Lalo, French composer (b. 1823)
1893 – Chaim Aronson, inventor and academic (b. 1825)
1896 – Thomas Meik, British civil engineer (b. 1812)
1908 – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1836)
1925 – André Caplet, French composer (b. 1878)
1929 – Henry Lerolle, French painter (b. 1848)
1930 – Jeppe Aakjaer, Danish poet (b. 1866)
1933 – Henry Royce, British automobile manufacturer (b. 1863)
1945 – Käthe Kollwitz, German artist (b. 1867)
1945 – Wilhelm Cauer, German mathematician (b. 1900)
1946 – Harlan F. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (b. 1872)
1946 – Lionel Atwill, English Actor (b. 1885)
1951 – Horace Donisthorpe, British entomologist (b. 1870)
1968 – Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (b. 1911)
1978 – Will Geer, American actor (b. 1902)
1980 – Jane Froman, American actress (b. 1907)
1980 – Fritz Strassmann, German physicist (b. 1902)
1983 – Earl Fatha Hines, American jazz pianist (b. 1903)
1983 – John Louis Evans, convicted murderer (executed) (b. 1950)
1984 – Ansel Adams, American photographer (b. 1902)
1985 – Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (b. 1900)
1985 – Jacques Ferron, French Canadian physician, author and politician (b. 1921)
1986 – Mircea Eliade, Romanian writer (b. 1907)
1988 – Irene Rich, American actress (b. 1891)
1990 – Albert Salmi, American actor (b. 1928)
1994 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (b. 1913)
1995 – Maggie Kuhn, American activist (b. 1905)
1996 – Erma Bombeck, American humorist (b. 1927)
1996 – Harold Jug McSpaden, American professional golfer (b. 1908)
1998 – Kitch Christie, South African rugby coach (b. 1940)
1999 – Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek singer (b. 1938)
1999 – Chan Canasta, magician and mindreader (b. 1920)
2002 – Linda Lovelace, American adult actress (b. 1949)
2003 – Martha Griffiths, U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1912)
2003 – Michael Larrabee, American athlete (b. 1933)
2003 – Felice Bryant, American songwriter (b. 1925)
2004 – Pat Tillman, American football player and U.S. Army Ranger (killed in action) (b. 1976)
2004 – Jason L. Dunham, American Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1981)
2005 – Norman Bird, UK character actor (b. 1920)
2005 – Robert Farnon, Canadian-born composer and conductor (b. 1917)
2005 – Erika Fuchs, German translator (b. 1906)
2005 – Philip Morrison, American physicist (b. 1915)
2006 – Alida Valli, Italian actress (b. 1921)
2007 – Juanita Millender-McDonald, congresswoman from southern California (b. 1938)
2008 – Ed Chynoweth, Canadian ice hockey executive (b. 1941)
Holidays and observances
Earth Day
Brazil – Discovery Day
Abel McAedh
Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions
April 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
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